Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology Ultrafiltration Ultrafiltration (UF) is a type of membrane filtration in which pressure and concentration gradients lead to a separation through a semipermeable membrane. Suspended solids and solutes of high molecular weight are retained in the retentate, while water and low molecular weight solutes pass through the membrane in the permeate (filtrate). The…

Water & Environment Ozone Ozone is a powerful oxidizing agent used to kill microorganisms in air and water sources. Many municipal drinking water systems kill bacteria with ozone instead of the more common chlorine. Ozone strongly absorbs at wavelengths below 400nm (UV), where our process photometer can easily measure. The Kemtrak DCP007-UV uses a long…

Water & Environment Chlorine / Chlorine dioxide Chlorine (Cl2) and chlorine dioxide (ClO2) are important chemicals for water purification, in disinfectants, and in bleach. They are used as biocides in many industrial water treatment applications including cooling towers, process water and food processing. Chlorine dioxide has a strong absorption between 350 and 500nm that the…

Water & Environment Platinum-Cobalt (Pt-Co) / Hazen / APHA color Platinum-Cobalt (Pt-Co) / Hazen / APHA color scale according to ASTM D 1209,BS 5339:76 (1993), DIN 53409 and ISO 6271-1:2004(E) Direct real time measurement of water color High resolution measurement Automatic cleaning No maintenance Description of the scale The Platinum-Cobalt (Pt-Co) color scale measures the…

Pulp & Paper Ozone Ozone is a powerful oxidizing agent used to bleach chemical and mechanical pulp. It is used as an alternative to chlorine or chlorine dioxide to remove lignin from wood pulp. It is often used in conjunction with oxygen and hydrogen peroxide to completely eliminate the need for chlorine-containing compounds in the…

Pulp & Paper Chlorine dioxide – gas Down to 1ppm (2.3 mg.Nm-3) chlorine dioxide in the gas phase Real time continuous measurement Optimize generator & gas scrubber performance Emission monitoring to ensure environmental regulations are met Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is used primarily as a bleaching agent in the pulp and paper industry for elemental chlorine…

Pulp & Paper Chlorine dioxide – liquid 1 ppm – 20 g/L Real time continuous measurement Optimize generator & gas scrubber performance Assure correct dosage concentration Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is used primarily as a bleaching agent in the pulp and paper industry for elemental chlorine free (ECF) bleaching. Chlorine dioxide has a strong UV absorption…

Pulp & Paper Alkali Sodium hydroxide is a key chemical used in the delignification of wood fibres in the kraft pulping process in addition to being used in a number of stages in the bleaching process. On-line continuous measurement of sodium hydroxide can be made using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy as sodium hydroxide absorbs selectively…

Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology Trace Water Detection The measurement of water in alcohols or hydrocarbon solvents is an important measurement in many pharmaceutical processes. The use of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for water analysis is common as NIR offers high sensitivity and measurements can be undertaken in-line providing immediate results. A Kemtrak water analyzer is a recommended replacement…

Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology Protein measurement Proteins are large biological molecules comprised of one or multiple amino acids. Proteins in solution absorb ultraviolet light with an absorbance maximum at 280nm. The primary reason for this is due to the aromatic amino acids, e.g. phenylalanine, tryptophan, tyrosine and histidine. For post chromatography column detection, UV absorption is…